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In Poland, the debate concerning the Reform Treaty in the area of decision-making focuses first of all on the issue of weighing votes in the Council. Meanwhile, in 2009 changes will be introduced in common decision-making, which plays a major role in the decision-making system of the European Union.
In such a sense that is usually given to this term, globalisation does not exist. Most of the economic activity of large multinationals is not being played out within the single global market, but rather within regional blocs. The analysis is supported by case studies of particular types of multinationals.
The withdrawal of the Polish contingent should be carried out so that it does not destabilise the situation in the Polish area of responsibility. Political consequences and the significance of the withdrawal of the troops will depend on a few factors: the international position of Poland and its previous role in the coalition, as well as on the circumstances, reasons for and method of implementing...
The role of Poland in the European Union depends largely on how we shape our relations with Russia. The relations between Poland and Russia are difficult, and apart from the Northern Gas Pipeline, there is another pipeline that has significant meaning, the one that does not run on the bottom of the Baltic Sea but through history textbooks and the memory of Polish families. For Russians, Poland constitutes...
Publications on what EU policy towards Russia should be by four experts trying to give answers to the following questions: Can the EU act as an equal force balancing Russia, a force that supports democratic values? Can the discrepancies of interests of particular EU members be overcome? Will the common European interest be realised outside the borders of the united Europe?
The United States does not enjoy much popularity in the Arab world and is unable to change the situation. American public diplomacy is ineffective, as it cannot integrate the goals of diplomacy with the practical development of foreign policy, and its vision of the Arab-Muslim world is simplified.
Do regions gradually become the rivals of the state, which seems to be losing its privileged position in the postmodern world? At present, activities usually reserved for central governments are being increasingly more often undertaken by regional ones.
On the basis of archival materials, first of all in the PISM Department of Archive of New Records and other available sources, the author offers a brief outline of the history of the Polish Institute of International Affairs, established after WWII.
Before the authorities in Pristina announced the declaration of independence, the United States had been a strong supporter of such a solution. Attention should be paid, however, to the fact that at the same time the US has been conducting a pragmatic policy taking to a larger extent the interests of Serbia and its most important ally - Russia.
Polish political activity towards the Western Balkans has been very limited in the last dozen years. According to the experts participating in the debate, Poland should spare no effort to build its own strong position in the region. The approaching EU membership of the Balkan states will have a significant impact on the balance of forces in the EU decision-making process, which is why the negligence...
If we decide to entrust the entirety of the European policy to the Minister of Foreign Affairs, it should bring his stronger position in the Council of Ministers through the rank of Deputy Prime Minister - as the Director of the Polish Institute of International Affairs proposed.
When the world was faced with Nazi crimes, there already existed in the interwar era the terms of an 'offense against the law of nations' or 'delictis contra iuris gentium'. Raphael Lemkin believed that they do not convey the nature of this crime and that we did not only need to adopt the concept of crime against humanity, but also to make it precise and introduce a new one. Thus, he established a...
The rapid changes in international economic relations at the turn of the 21st century have brought about a significant increase of the role of economic foreign policy, and the term of economic diplomacy as its instrument is gaining new meaning, of a much broader scope than before.
As time goes by and further mass crimes of a genocidal character are being discovered, which were committed in Cambodia, Tibet, Sudan, the former Yugoslavia and Chechnya, it shows how far-reaching the concepts of Raphael Lemkin were, though they require more precision and a new conceptualisation. In order to take a step forward, we need a thorough and critical analysis of his life's work.
In 1946, representatives of the USSR supported the resolution of the UN General Assembly on genocide, convinced that it would be directed against the defeated Nazi adversary. It was also supported by other states of the Soviet bloc. But it is only five years later that Rafał Lemkin stated that the Soviet Union is the only state that might be charged with this crime.
In 2007, Poland was confronted with the challenge of defining its own interests in the process of EU reform and the development of the new basic treaty. The Polish government undertook an attempt to conduct foreign policy in a different way than what we were used to after 1989. It was to be an assertive policy, one that effectively defended Polish interests. What have we learned in the aftermath about...
On 13 December 2007, at the meeting of heads of state and government of the European Union in Lisbon, a treaty changing the existing legal bases for the functioning of the EU was signed. At present the process of ratification of this document is under way in EU member states. One of the most important and controversial changes to the regulations presently in force is the modification of the definition...
After the end of the Second World War, most Czechs considered the Polish population of the 'Zaolzie' area as a disloyal national minority and accused it of having taken an active part in the breakup of Czechoslovakia at the end of the 1930s. Immediately following liberation, the local Czechs (often with the assistance of the local authorities) started to settle accounts with the Poles. The latter...
The Irish ratification referendum's 'no' has once again halted the process of European Union reforms towards adjustment to the challenges posed by growing competitive pressures from new Asian powerhouses and also - especially in the political and military fields - from the United States. The integration process has been progressively slowed down by the wide differentials among the member states -...
Professor Bronislaw Geremek's tragic death came as an irreparable loss to Poland and the whole international community of politicians and experts in international affairs. He was among the greatest and most insightful political minds in the annals of Polish foreign policy. We present reminiscences about the outstanding Polish academic and politician, Minister Bronislaw Geremek.
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